Optical sensors are essential in medical diagnostics and detect variations in light intensity, phase, wavelength, polarization, or interference. However, conventional devices face limitations in multiplexing capability, surface functionalization, and integration.

Here, we propose a monolithic integrated poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS)/poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) photonic chip that monolithically integrates two photonic waveguide Bragg grating (WBG) blood glucose sensors, a photonic WBG pressure sensor array, four photonic WBG temperature sensors, a photonic Mach–Zehnder modulator (MZM) electrocardiogram (ECG) sensor, and a photonic Mach–Zehnder interferometer (MZI) sweat glucose sensor, together with an on–chip arrayed waveguide grating (AWG) demodulation unit.

The experimental results demonstrate that the WBG glucose sensor operates stably from 0 to 2.3 mg/mL, the pressure sensor from 0 to 12 kPa, and the temperature sensor from 35 to 41°C. The MZM ECG sensor achieves a half–wave voltage of 1.6 V, with performance comparable to that of commercial systems. The MZI sweat glucose sensor offers a detection range of 0–0.2 mg/mL, a sensitivity of approximately 9.3595 mW/(mg/mL), and high linearity. With a miniature footprint of approximately 1 cm × 0.5 cm, this work offers a robust on-chip multiparameter sensing solution, paving the way for next–generation wearable continuous health monitoring.